Nasilające się sankcje coraz bardziej ograniczają dostęp Rosji do rynku międzynarodowego. Najwięcej uwagi skupia rosyjski eksport surowców (ropy, gazu, węgla), jednak dla Kremla dużo groźniejsze są ograniczenia dotyczące importu.
After the collapse of bubbles in early 1990s and persistent baking sector problems, Japan’s economy had entered into low economic growth since mid-1990s and mild deflation since late 1990s. The average rate of economic growth during 1999-2012 had been 0.7% while the average rate of inflation had been -0.28%. Of the latter, BOJ’s preferred core inflation (excluding fresh foods) as well as the global standard core inflation (excluding all food and energy) had recorded -0.26% and -0.5%, respectively.
